What are the clinical manifestations of diabetes mellitus?

Diabetes mellitus is a kind of metabolic endocrine disease, the cause of disease varies, and the symptoms are different. Generally speaking, it is caused by a lack of insulin secretion, such as metabolism of sugar, fat and protein. Well, what are the clinical symptoms of diabetes? Now, let's introduce some of the experts in detail!
I. etiology
1. genetic factors
There is obvious genetic heterogeneity in type 2.1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus has familial tendency, and 1/4 ~ 1/2 patients have family history of diabetes. Clinically, there are at least 60 genetic syndromes associated with diabetes. There are multiple DNA loci involved in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus, among which the DQ polymorphism is most closely related to the HLA antigen gene. In type 2 diabetes have been found in a variety of specific gene mutations, such as insulin gene, insulin receptor gene, glucokinase gene and mitochondrial gene etc..
Two environmental factors
Obesity caused by excessive consumption and reduced physical activity is the most important environmental factor of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and individuals with genetic predisposition to type 2 diabetes are prone to disease. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by an abnormal immune system that causes autoimmune reactions and destroys insulin beta cells after infection with certain viruses such as coxsackievirus, rubella virus, and the parotid gland virus.
Three clinical manifestation
1., polydipsia, polyuria, overeating and emaciation
Typical symptoms appeared in 2. severe hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes. Occurs when ketosis or ketoacidosis symptoms are more obvious.
3. fatigue, obesity
4. is more common in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes is often preceded by obesity, and if it is not diagnosed in a timely manner, weight loss will gradually decline.
Diabetics need regular blood sugar tests to ensure that blood sugar is within the standard range. Xiao Bian reminds everyone that they should pay attention to the diet in their daily life, and not to drink too much fat and high protein food. Also, patients need regular exercise, a pleasant mood and a good attitude so that the disease can be better cured.

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